ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REN21 DATA AND KNOWLEDGE TEAM

Jad Baba

Ana Díaz Vidal

Erin Hampton

Janne Luise Piper

Andrea Wainer

Glen Wright

Hend Yaqoob

SPECIAL ADVISERS

Janet L. Sawin

Freyr Sverrisson

CHAPTER AUTHORS

Yanika Meyer-Oldenburg

Jan Svoboda

LEAD TOPICAL CONTRIBUTORS

Joan Carling (Indigenous Peoples Rights International)

James Jenkins (Indigenous Clean Energy)

Rosilena Lindo, National Energy Secretariat of Panama

Doug Miller (Energy Peace Partners)

Bessma Mourad (Energy Peace Partners)

Suzanne Renard (Énergie Partagée Investissement)

Felix Schaper (trend:research GmbH)

RESEARCH AND PROJECT SUPPORT

Nicolas Achury

Talia Contreras-Tapia

EDITING, DESIGN AND LAYOUT

Lisa Mastny (Editor)

weeks.de Werbeagentur GmbH (Design)

PRODUCTION AND COMMUNICATION

REN21 Secretariat, Paris, France

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OTHER CONTRIBUTORS

Mohammed Abdalghafoor (Sustainable Development Solutions Network); Ibrahim Abdulwahab (University of Ilorin); Hassan Aboughalma (Georenco); Damilola Adeyanju (The Climate Group); Florencia Agatiello (RELP); Bernd Ahlers (Biofuels); Nana Serwaa Antwi (Politecnico di Milano); Patrick Atouda Beyala (Soas University of London); Candost Aydin (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit – GIZ); Firas Balasmeh (FB GROUP); Nupur Bapuly (The Nature Conservancy); Claire Battelle (Independent consultant); Leïla Bensmain (University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene); Jean-Philippe Bernier (Natural Resources Canada); Lakshmi Bhamidipati (United Nations Environment Programme); Gonzalo Bravo (Fundación Bariloche); Dirk Briese (trend:research GmbH); Iskander Buranov (Independent consultant); Ercument Camadan (Ascend Analytics); Thailys Campos Magalhães (Independent consultant); Agustin Carbo (Power for All); Sreenivas Chigullapalli (India Climate Collaborative); Karim Choukri (Hassan II University of Casablanca); Suani T. Coelho (University of São Paulo); Esmeralda Colombo (European Institute on Economics and the Environment); Dean Cooper (WWF); Penelope Crossley (University of Sydney Law School); Yerlan Dairbekov (United Nations Development Programme Kazakhstan); Sharon Denny (Global Futuremakers); Lena Dente (World Future Council); Zuzana Dobrotkova (Independent consultant); Isa Elegbede (Lagos State University); Mahmoud Abou Elenen (GE Vernova); Youssouf Eusman (Youngo Energy Working Group); Thomas Fees (Independent consultant); Eduardo García (Independent consultant); Stefan Gsänger (World Wind Energy Association); Ahmed Hamza H. Ali (Assiut University); Veryan Hann (University of Tasmania); Laury Haytayan (Natural Resource Governance Institute); Gabriela Hernández-Luna (Autonomous University of the State of Morelos); Rainer Hinrichs-Rahlwes (European Renewable Energies Federation); Soe Htike Aung (Independent consultant); Abdulwahab Ibrahim (University of Ilorin); Alok Jain (Trans-Consult); Pan Jiahua (Beijing University of Technology); József Kádár (Independent consultant); Shorai Kavu (Ministry of Energy and Power Development of Zimbabwe); Kamil Kaygusuz (Karadeniz Technical University); Nazar I. Khan (Independent consultant); Peter Konings (Asia Pacific Energy Group); Assem Korayem (TotalEnergies); Felix Kriedemann (REScoop.eu); Sivanappan Kumar (Naresuan University); Bharadwaj Kummamuru (World Bioenergy Association); Julia Le Maitre (University College Cork Environmental Research Institute); Alejandra Leon (World Bioenergy Association); Debora Ley (United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean); Kevin Li (CarbonCare InnoLab); Todd Litman (Victoria Transport Policy Institute); Detlef Loy (Loy Energy Consulting); Senni Määttä (Radboud University Nijmegen); Jaideep N. Malaviya (Malaviya Solar Energy Consultancy); Lionel Mbanda (Global Youth Leadership Development Council); Leopoldo Micò (Solar Heat Europe / European Solar Thermal Industry Federation); Alan Miller (Sustana Cooling Partners); Jamia Millia Isamia (Independent consultant); Golnoosh Mir Moghtadaei (Enertime); Ekta Mishra (Patil Institute of Technology); Nicholas Mukisa (National Renewable Energy Platform); Mweetwa Mundia Sikamikami (TRiM BITPoP Engineering); Abubakar Musa Magaga (Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology); Jonathan Mhango (Independent consultant); Amon Mwadime (Africa Minigrid Developers Association); Paul Nduhuura (Makerere University Business School); Djakpou Ngansop Patrick Raoul (SDG7 Youth Constituency); Daya Ram Nhuchhen (City of Edmonton); Ifeanyi Jude Nwaegbe (Independent consultant); Jesse Nyokabi (Quaise Energy Africa); Victor Thomas Otieno (World Resources Institute); Olivier Ouellette (Natural Resources Canada); Peter Pluschke (former City of Nuremberg); Ramesh Poluru (Inclen Trust International); Liliana Proskuryakova (Hse University); Josep (Pep) Puig i Boix (European Association for Renewable Energy – EUROSOLAR); Pallav Purohit (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis); Swasti Raizada (International Institute for Sustainable Development); Nizomiddin Rakhmanov (Independent consultant); Bard Rama (Independent consultant); Madan B. Regmi (United Nations); Oliver Reynolds (Global Off-Grid Lighting Association); Yasemin Erboy Ruff (CLASP); Tarek Safwat Kabel (University of Sadat City); Manel Sakhri (Independent consultant); Micheal Samanya (Makerere University Business School); Miguel Schloss (Surinvesst Ltda.); Bettina Schreck (United Nations Industrial Development Organization); Cecile Seguineaud (Independent consultant); Ali Shahhoseini (Qazvin Islamic Azad University); Ailly Sheehama (Independent consultant); Henry Shongwe (Renewable Energy Association of Eswatini); Wilson Sierra (University of the Republic of Uruguay); Jin Tanaka (UNISC International); Hannibal Tesfahunegn (Power for All); Lebeau Pemha Thina (International Association for Partnership and Emergence in Africa – AIPEA); Fouodji Toche Fabrice (Vista Organisation for Education and Social Development in Africa); Diocelina Toledo-Vazquez (Autonomous University of Morelos); Costas Travasaros (Prime Laser Technology); Kelly Trumbull (The Nature Conservancy); Ioannis Tsipouridis (RED PRO Consultants); Prachi Ugle (International Union for Conservation of Nature); Anant Wadhwa (Sustainable Energy for All); Marion Walker (Centre for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg); Amin Yahya-Khotbehsara (Qazvin Islamic Azad University); Noureddine Yassaa (Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Commission of Algeria); Nouralla Yassin Ahmed (United Nations Development Programme); Hameedullah Zaheb (Kabul University); Izmail Khuzmiev (Independent consultant)

This report was commissioned by REN21 and produced in collaboration with a global network of research partners. Financing was provided by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK).

A large share of the research for this report was conducted on a voluntary basis.